F1-22 Energy Losses in Bends and Fittings

This accessory permits losses in different bends, a sudden contraction, sudden enlargement and a typical control valve, to be demonstrated.

Mitre bend – 90° elbow – Short and long bends
Sudden contraction and sudden enlargement
Fully Instrumented with upstream and downstream pressure tappings
A bank of 12 water manometer tubes, mounted on the framework for visualisation of the pressure drop profiles
The equipment is mounted on a free-standing framework which supports the test pipework and instrumentation. The following typical pipe fittings are incorporated for study: mitre bend, 90° elbow, short and long bends sudden contraction and sudden enlargement.
All are instrumented with upstream and downstream pressure tappings. These tappings are connected to a bank of 12 water manometer tubes mounted on the framework. Pressurisation of the manometers is facilitated by a hand pump.

A gate valve is used to control the flow rate. A separate gate valve is instrumented with upstream and downstream pressure tappings which are connected to a differential gauge on the edge of the framework.

The unit stands on the working top of the hydraulics bench which is also used as the source of water supply.